Preheat oven to 325 degrees F. Line baking dish or roasting pan with foil.
Use a knife to score a 1-inch diamond pattern over the whole ham, allowing more surface area for the glaze. Place ham in baking dish with some water to cover bottom of pan, no more than 1/4-inch of water.
Cover ham with foil and plan to bake until ham reaches 140 degrees F with thermometer inserted into thickest part, about 15-20 minutes per pound, depending on the type and size of ham. (See Timetable for Cooking Ham for detailed cooking time estimates.) Glazing will happen during the last 30 minutes or so of baking time.
As the last 30 minutes of baking time approaches, brown the butter in a small saucepan over medium heat, until it begins to turn golden brown and aromatic. Swirl it around in the pan occasionally to help it brown evenly. Stir in the brown sugar, honey, mustard, cinnamon, and cloves. Stir until sugar is dissolved, about 2 minutes. Reduce heat to low and add the garlic. Cook for a minute or two until it becomes fragrant and just begins to simmer. Right as it begins to simmer, remove from heat and set aside. As it cools, it will become the consistency of a thick honey.
Remove ham from oven about 30 minutes before done and increase oven temperature to 425 degrees F. Brush or spoon 1/3 of the glaze over the ham. Bake uncovered for 10 minutes. Brush or spoon another 1/3 of the glaze and some pan juices, then bake another 10 minutes. Repeat with pan juices, remaining glaze, and bake.
Ham is done when internal temperature reaches 140 degrees F. Broil for 2-5 minutes if you want more of a glaze crust, but don't let it burn. Let ham rest for 10-15 minutes before slicing and serving.
Air Fryer Ham Instructions:
Follow all directions from above, but cook covered ham at 350˚ for 20 minutes in air fryer. Then remove foil and add glaze and cook for 10 more minutes. Slice and add more glaze, cook for 2-5 more minutes, if desired, and enjoy!